Scope: Federal
Branch: Judicial
Severity: Green
Date occurred: July 24, 2026
The United States Court of Appeals for the First Circuit issued a decision in Cruz v. UIA, et al., docketed as case 23-2011. The matter is classified as involving the constitutionality of state statutes.
Constitutional basis: Federal appellate court exercising ordinary Article III jurisdiction to review a constitutional challenge to a state statute, a long-settled function.